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  • Blanchard K, Clark S, Winikoff B, Gaines G, Kabani G, Shannon C. Misoprostol for women's health: A review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002; 99(2): 316-332.

  • Blum J, Shochet T, Lynd K, Lichtenberg ES, Fischer D, Arnesen M, Winikoff B, Blumenthal P. Can at-home semi-quantitative pregnancy tests serve as a replacement for clinical follow-up of medical abortion? A US study. Contraception 2012;86(6):757-62.

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  • Creinin M, Pymar H. Medical abortion alternatives to mifepristone. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S127-132.

  • Creinin M, Carbonell J, Schwartz J, Varela L, Tanda R. A randomized trial of the effect of moistening misoprostol before vaginal administration when used with methotrexate for abortion. Contraception 1999; 59(1): 217-221.

  • Ellertson C, Elul B, Winikoff B. Can women use medical abortion without medical supervision? Reproductive Health Matters 1997; 9: 149-161.

  • Ellertson C, Waldman S. The mifepristone-misoprostol regimen for early medical abortion. Current Women's Health Reports 2001; 1: 184-190.

  • Elul B, Pearlman E, Sorhaindo A, Simonds W, Westhoff C. In-depth interviews with medical abortion clients: Thoughts on the method and home administration of misoprostol. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S169-172.

  • Erdman JN. Harm reduction, human rights, and access to information on safer abortion. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012;118(1):83-6.

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  • FIGO Working Group on Prevention of Unsafe Abortion and its Consequences; International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol for the termination of pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2011;115(1):1-4

  • Finer L, Henshaw S. Abortion incidence and services in the United States in 2000. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2003; 35(1): 6-15.

  • Foster A, Wynn L, Trussell J. Evidence of global demand for medication abortion information: An analysis of www.medicationabortion.com. Contraception 2014; 89:174-180.

  • Foster A, Wynn L, Rouhana A, Diaz Olavarrieta C, Schaffer K, Trussell J. Providing medication abortion information to diverse communities: Use patterns of a multi-lingual website. Contraception 2006;73:264-271.

  • Glick E. Surgical Abortion. Reno, NV: West End Women's Medical Group, 1998.

  • Gomperts R, van der Vleuten K, Jelinska K, da Costa CV, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Kleiverda G. Provision of medical abortion using telemedicine in Brazil. Contraception 2014;89(2):129-33.

  • Gomperts RJ, Jelinska K, Davies S, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Kleiverda G. Using telemedicine for termination of pregnancy with mifepristone and misoprostol in settings where there is no access to safe services. BJOG 2008;115(9):1171-5; discussion 1175-8

  • Grossman D, Grindlay K, Buchacker T, Lane K, Blanchard K. Effectiveness and acceptability of medical abortion provided through telemedicine. Obstet Gynecol 2011;118(2 Pt 1):296-303

  • Grossman D, Holt K, Peña M, Lara D, Veatch M, Córdova D, Gold M, Winikoff B, Blanchard K. Self-induction of abortion among women in the United States. Reprod Health Matters 2010;18(36):136-46. 

  • Hamoda H, Ashok P, Stalder C, Flett G, Kennedy E, Templeton A. A randomized trial of mifepristone (10 mg) and levonorgestrel for emergency contraception. Obstet Gynecol 2004;104:1307-13.

  • Harper C, Ellertson C, Winikoff B. Could American women use mifepristone-misoprostol pills safely with less medical supervision? Contraception 2002; 65(2): 133-142.

  • Harvey S, Sherman C, Bird S, Warren J. Understanding medical abortion: Policy, politics, and women's health. Eugene, OR: Center for the Study of Women in Society, 2002.

  • Henshaw S, Finer L. The accessibility of abortion services in the United States, 2001. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2003; 35(1): 16-24.

  • Jain J, Dutton C, Harwood B, Meckstroth K, Mishell D. A prospective randomize, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial comparing mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol to vaginal misoprostol alone for elective termination of early pregnancy. Human Reproduction 2002; 17(6): 1477-1482.

  • Jain J, Kuo J, Mishell D. A comparison of two dosing regimens of intravaginal misoprostol for second-trimester pregnancy termination. Am J Obstet. Gynecol 1999; 93(4): 571-575.

  • Jones R, Darroch J, Henshaw S. Patterns in the socioeconomic characteristics of women obtaining abortion in 2000-2001. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2002; 34(5): 226-235.

  • Jones R, Henshaw S. Mifepristone for early medical abortion: Experiences in France, Great Britain and Sweden. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2002; 34(3): 154-161.

  • Kapp N, Whyte P, Tang J, Jackson E, Brahmi D. A review of evidence for safe abortion care. Contraception 2013;88(3):350-63.

  • Kahn J, Becker B, MacIsaac L, et al. The efficacy of medical abortion: a meta-analysis. Contraception 2000; 61:29-40.

  • Kruse B. Advanced practice clinicians and medical abortion: Increasing access to care. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S167-168.

  • Lara D, García SG, Wilson KS, Paz F. How often and under which circumstances do Mexican pharmacy vendors recommend misoprostol to induce an abortion? Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2011; 37(2):75-83.

  • Lohr PA, Wade J, Riley L, Fitzgibbon A, Furedi A. Women's opinions on the home management of early medical abortion in the UK. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2010;36(1):21-5

  • Melbye M, Wohlfahrt J, Olsen J, et al. Induced abortion and the risk of breast cancer. N Engl J Med 1997; 336(2): 81-85.

  • National Abortion Federation. Early medical abortion with mifepristone and other agents: Overview and protocol recommendations. Washington, DC: NAF, 2002.

  • Newhall E, Winikoff B. Abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol: Regimens, efficacy, acceptability and future directions. Am J Obstet Gyncol 2000; 183(2): S44-53.

  • Ngai S, Tang O, Chan Y, Ho P. Vaginal misoprostol alone for medical abortion up to 9 weeks of gestation: Efficacy and acceptability. Human Reproduction 2000; 15(5): 1159-1162.

  • Ngoc N, Blum J, Raghavan S, Nga N, Dabash R, Diop A, Winikoff B. Comparing two early medical abortion regimens: mifepristone+misoprostol vs. misoprostol alone. Contraception 2011;83(5):410-7.

  •  Peña M, Dzuba I, Smith PS, Mendoza LJ, Bousiéguez M, Martínez M, Polanco R, Villalón A, Winikoff B. Efficacy and acceptability of a mifepristone-misoprostol combined regimen for early induced abortion among women in Mexico City. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2014;127(1):82-5

  • Perriera L, Reeves M, Chen B, Hohmann H, Hayes J, Creinin M. Feasibility of telephone follow-up after medical abortion. Contraception 2010;81(2):143-9. 

  • Philip N, Shannon C, and Winikoff B. Misoprostol and teratogenicity: Reviewing the evidence–Report of a meeting. Robert H. Ebert Program on Critical Issues in Reproductive Health Publication Series. New York: Population Council, 2003.

  • Pymar H, Creinin M. Alternatives to mifepristone regimens for medical abortion. Am J Obstet Gyncol 2000; 183(2). S54-64.

  • Raymond E, Shannon C, Weaver M, Winikoff B. First-trimester medical abortion with mifepristone 200 mg and misoprostol: a systematic review. Contraception 2013;87(1):26-37.

  • Rodger M, Baird D. Blood loss following induction of early abortion using mifepristone (RU 486) and a prostaglandin analog (gemeprost). Contraception 1997; 56(3): 165-168.

  • Rodriguez M, Seuc A, Kapp N, von Hertzen H, Huong N, Wojdyla D, Mittal S, Arustamyan K, Shah R; World Health Organization Research Group on Post-Ovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Acceptability of misoprostol-only medical termination of pregnancy compared with vacuum aspiration: an international, multicentre trial. BJOG 2012;119(7):817-23. 

  • Rosing M, Archbald C. The knowledge, acceptability, and use of misoprostol for self-induced medical abortion in an urban US population. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S183-185.

  • Schaff E, Fielding S. A comparison of the abortion rights mobilization and Population Council trials. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S137-140.

  • Schaff E, Fielding S, Westhoff C, Ellertson C, Eisinger Stadalius L, Fuller L. Vaginal misoprostol administered 1, 2, or 3 days after mifepristone for early medical abortion: A randomized trial. JAMWA 2000; 284(15): 1948-1953

  • Schonberg D, Wang L, Bennett A, Gold M, Jackson E. The accuracy of using last menstrual period to determine gestational age for first trimester medication abortion: a systematic review. Contraception 2014;90(5):480-7. 

  • Shangchun, W. Medical abortion in China. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S197-199.

  • Spitz I, Bardin C, Benton L, and Robbins A. Early pregnancy termination with mifepristone and misoprostol in the United States. N Eng J Med 1998; 338: 1241-1247.

  • Stewart F, Wells E, Flinn S, Weitz T. Early medical abortion: Issues for practice. San Francisco, CA: UCSF, Center for Reproductive Health Research and Policy, 2000.

  • Steinberg J, Russo N. Abortion and anxiety: what's the relationship? Soc Sci Med 2008;67:238–52.

  • Tang O, Miao B, Lee S, Ho P. Pilot study on the use of repeated doses of sublingual misoprostol in termination of pregnancy up to 12 weeks gestation: Efficacy and acceptability. Human Reproduction 2002; 17(3): 654-658.

  • Tang O, Ho P. Pilot study on the use of sublingual misoprostol for medical abortion. Contraception 2001; 64: 315-317.

  • Teal S, Harken T, Sheeder J, Westhoff C. Efficacy, acceptability and safety of medication abortion in low-income, urban Latina women. Contraception 2009;80(5):479-83

  • Tran N, Jang M, Choe Y, Ko W, Pyo H, Kim O. Feasibility, efficacy, safety, and acceptability of mifepristone-misoprostol for medical abortion in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2010;109(3):209-12

  • Ulmann A. The development of mifepristone: A pharmaceutical drama in three acts. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S117-120.

  • von Hertzen H, Piaggio G, Ding J, Chen J, Song S, Bártfai G, Ng E, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Oyunbileg A, Wu S, Cheng W, Lüdicke F, Pretnar-Darovec A, Kirkman R, Mittal S, Khomassuridze A, Apter D, Peregoudov A. Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial. Lancet 2002;360:1803-10.

  • von Hertzen H. Research on regimens for early medical abortion. JAMWA 2000; 35(3): S133-136.

  • Weitz T, Foster A, Ellertson C, Grossman D, Stewart F. “Medical” and “surgical” abortion: Rethinking the modifiers. Contraception 2004:69;77-78.

  • Wiebe E. Use of telemedicine for providing medical abortion. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2014;124(2):177-8.

  • Winikoff B, Dzuba I, Chong E, Goldberg A, Lichtenberg E, Ball C, Dean G, Sacks D, Crowden W, Swica Y. Extending outpatient medical abortion services through 70 days of gestational age. Obstet Gynecol 2012;120(5):1070-6.

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